Recent marketing strategies consider customers as important sources of the organization. Therefore, acquiring knowledge about customers and understanding their needs is necessary for keeping customers in an e-commerce business. Online customer shopping behavior is difficult to predict because they rarely visit the stores for real shopping, which is a challenge for marketers and researchers. Therefore, online business needs to analyze customers’ behavior in order to be successful. Hence, this study aims to provide a framework for increasing the accuracy of the Analysis and recognition of customer groups as well as providing the model and rules for predicting customers’ behavior. Therefore, CRISP-DM and K-means algorithm were used for clustering data. Then, by assigning three tags of purchase, waiting and not purchase to customers, customers were categorized by C5 decision tree. Finally, a model with a precision of 63. 6% and a collection of 261 rules with a confidence of 70% was obtained.

This study was conducted with the aim of detecting the social status of Gonabadi dialect as one of the oldest dialects of Iran via the Analysis of the effect of social parameters like age, education, gender, and urbanity upon the frequency of Gonabadi Usage in diverse fields including family, school, art, office, alley and street, and hobby. Our method was field Analysis and the recruited instruments included questionnaire and interview. The sampling method was random based on which our statistical society included 240 participants from three age groups of 12 to 17, 25 to 35 and 50 and more were selected proportionally and equally from each gender and from two urban and rural societies. The results demonstrated that Gonabadi was the dominant language of informal fields, specifically, family, though in the more formal fields including school and office, Persian was the dominant language. Also, the propensity to utilize Persian among female, young, educated and urban participants outweighed this tendency in the male, older, uneducated, and rustic counterparts. Hence, on the light of these results, it could be asserted that Gonabadi is undergoing gradual trend of extinction in the realm of great Khorasan. 1. Introduction Language death is regarded as the degeneration of language variety as a result of gradual change toward a dominant language in communicative interactions. In fact, the emergence of this phenomenon creates diaglossia based on which gradually the inferior language is utilized in more restricted contexts paving the way for its gradual death. In doing so, social variables like gender, age and urbanicity would play crucial role. Also, as any dialect is an indispensable aspect of each culture, its death could be regarded as the degeneration of a semio-cultural element. The issue of language death or degeneration would become more serious when we observe that the results of the recent scientific researches corroborate the degeneration of dialects because according to a pessimistic estimate, only 600 languages of the world have the chance to survive during a longer span of time. Henceforth, regarding the importance of Iranian dialects preservations, in this research, via conduction a field study in the city of Gonabad, we tried to investigate the sociolinguistic status of Gonabadi as one of the south western dialects of Iran through analyzing its frequency of Usage in different fields and native speakers’ attitudes toward it. 2. Theoretic framework From sociolinguistic perspective, diglossia is a type of standardization based on which two varieties of a language live alongside each playing a crucial function. Fasold (1984) envisages diglossia as a kind of style shifting asserting that when dominant and inferior varieties are mingled, the status of diglosssia would change. Fishman (1967, 1996), introducing his extended theory, emphasizes on the co-existence of standard language and regional dialects pointing out that today standard language has transformed into the common language of bilingual or multilingual societies. So, according to this theory, the regional dialect or language is utilized more in friendly settings like family while formal language like standard Persian is recruited in formal and educational settings. Ricento (2012), proposing social hierarchy of dialects and languages, believes that social hierarchy is imposed by political figures or popular media and in doing so, vernacular tongue gains low social prestige and is utilized extensively in interpersonal and informal interactions. In this hierarchy, there is another variety possessing high social prestige and is utilized more in formal interactions. In societies where social inequality is predominant, the majority of people are incapable of utilizing the standard language. Wurm (2002), proposing language endangerment theory, considers four levels of potentially endangered, endangered, seriously endangered, and completely endangered (death). Nercisance suggests three levels of diglossia in Iran including the co-existence of colloquial with literary Persian, the co-existence of standard Persian with a regional dialect and the co-existence of standard Persian with a regional language. 3. Methodology Our method was field Analysis and the recruited instruments included questionnaire and interview. The sampling method was random based on which our statistical society included 240 participants from three age groups of 12 to 17, 25 to 35 and 50 and more, were selected proportionally and equally from each gender and from both urban and rural societies 4. Results and Discussion The results demonstrated that Gonabadi was the dominant language of informal fields, specifically, family, though in the more formal fields including school and office, Persian was the dominant language. Also, the propensity to utilize Persian among female, young, educated and urban participants outweighed this tendency in the male, older, uneducated and rustic counterparts. Hence, on the light of these results, it could be asserted that Gonabadi is undergoing gradual trend of extinction in the realm of great Khorasan. 5. Conclusions and Suggestions The overall performance of the participants in different fields including family, school, office, city, religion, art and amusement is indicative of a close relationship between the social variable of “age” and “Persian Usage” with younger participants being more inclined to utilize Persian in these fields than their older counterparts. On the other hand, the important roles of the variables of “gender”, “education”, and “urbanity” in the use of Persian and Gonabadi were corroborated. Girls’ more robust propensity to utilize Persian than boys leads to the increase of Persian language acquisition in the family context, because girls as future mothers would play pivotal role in language learning of their children. Also, participants with M. A and Ph. D degree had a much stronger propensity to utilize Persian than other individuals. Regarding “urbanity”, our findings demonstrate the more extensive use of Persian language among city inhabitants compared to villiage inhabitants. Concerning the extension of urbanicity in Iran, more robust propensity of city inhabitants to utilize Persian language in their interpersonal interactions, is indicative of a gradual erosion and death of Gonabadi dialect. Furthermore, the positive attitudes of most speakers toward the use of Persian language, demonstrates that Gonabadi is losing its social status as the frank attitude of the speakers about the gradual erosion of this dialect indicated a vivid language change. Since languages and dialects comprehensively foreshadow the culture of each country and play a pivotal role in the representation of the customs, traditions and social events of each nation, any attempt to preserve Gonabadi inheriting the linguistic properties of Classical Persian, could also be regarded as an attempt to preserve the enriched treasure of Persian language.

The root SRF is used in the Holy Quran 23 times in different forms. Out of this number, the form of active noun (al-musref, al-musrifīn/ al-musrifūn) plus an additional case (man asrafa) is found in 16 uses, and only 7 other uses of this root have other forms. Despite the significant difference in applications, the understanding of Israf in the interpretive tradition and in Islamic culture, especially in the contemporary period, is based on 7 applications in Islamic economic theories. This research aims to answer this question with the approach of constructivist semantics, what are the differences between the two categories of uses of the word "Iserf" from each other? The most important result in differentiating the Usages is that the construction of the active noun "Al-Musrafin" in the Holy Qur'an has been upgraded from the level of meaning and turned into a term meaning a group against the prophets whose actions are against divine commands, but the other morphological constructions of this article remain at the level of meaning. They have remained and are considered equivalent to a kind of obscene and abnormal behavior, a meaning that today is mostly mentioned in the understanding of Israf in the Qurʾān as a kind of behavioral and moral abnormality.

Energy of inputs is a necessity of life for human beings all over the world due to its function in strengthening the security and contentment of the people. This study was focused on economics of energy on laying hen rearing units in Iran. The data of this study obtained from a sample of 354 farms that were taken from an industrial farm census conducted by the Statistical Center of Iran in 2016. Investigation of energy efficiency in the laying hen rearing industry indicated that index of energy productivity in the first group (the provinces of East Azarbaijan, West Azarbaijan and Hamadan) and the second group (the provinces of Tehran, Qom and Markazi) are 47 and 48 kg/MJ and specific energy ratios for these two groups were 40. 74 and 29. 96 MJ, respectively. Result of this study showed that energy efficiency was low and energy perishes was high in this industry. Therefore, modern and well established scientific practices can be used to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy losses.

Purpose: The flourishing of political parties and currents is one of the signs of the degree of development in societies. In contemporary Iran and since the formation of the constitutional movement, political currents have gone through many ups and downs and it can be said that political currents in Iran after the Islamic Revolution have not yet reached the stage of institutionalization and stability. A characteristic feature of political currents in Iran is the divergence and division among political currents in recent decades, and this can be one of the reasons for the instability and cross-sectional and seasonal activity of political parties in Iran. Therefore, the necessity of leading research seeks to answer the question of how factors and divergence among political currents in Iran after the victory of the Islamic Revolution can be analyzed? And what are the scenarios for the advancement of political currents in Iran?Method: To answer this question, the method of causal-layer Analysis, which is one of the qualitative methods in futures research, has been used.Findings: The research findings indicate that this divergence is due to a wide range of reasons from the level of causal systems (from the institutionalization of power to the formation of parties as elitist initiatives), worldview and discourse (from charismatic political authority to culture). Subsidiary-follower politics to myth-metaphor (Iranian individualism to belief in a strong state-weak society) can be analyzed.Conclusions: Three scenarios for the future of Iranian political currents can be considered: integration of currents as the security valve of the political system, the collapse of political currents in the traditional form, integration and consolidation in new social movements (virtualized parties).